You will be asked to post several response writings throughout the course. These response writings should help you delve deeper into a couple of the readings for each section. Your response writings will use the Reading Strategy of:

Read, Respond, Summarize, Analyze, Interpret, and Draw Conclusions.

When you begin to think about the essays you will write in this course, it will not be enough to summarize the work. You will need to think critically about the writing and this reading strategy will help you move beyond a summary. Each of the 5 sections/critical thinking modes should be a minimum of 250 words.

Each response writing should provide the following-

1) An Honest Response to the Writing-Write a few sentences about how the work made you feel (ex. “Angry because… “Or “joyful because…” or “confused because…” There is no right or wrong answer here. These few sentences should be honest and capture your initial response to the piece of writing.

2) A Summary of What You Read-Summarize what happened in the writing. Who were the characters? What happens in the story or poem? What is the story about?

3) An Analysis or Close Reading-This is the part of the response writing that really begins our critical thinking. Does something appear symbolic? Are there any metaphors and similes that expand meaning? What details seem relevant? You will not find every literary device in every reading. This section of the response is for focusing on literary devices in the text (see the link to literary devices provided). Be sure to pay attention to the form, the title, the content and the rhythm.

4) An Interpretation-This is the part of the response writing that will allow you to pull the “clues” together and offer a statement on what you think the story is really about? You will combine your summary and analysis to provide an argument about the text. What is the main theme (or themes) of this piece of writing? How is this piece of writing significant to American culture?

5) Drawing Conclusions-This part of the response writing will require that you incorporating the above process and integrating some direct quotes from the actual work of study to support your findings and interpretations. You must include at least one direct quote from the text in your Conclusion.

When an “Individual Response Writing” is DUE, you will choose Maya Angelou’s Sister Flowers from the “Selected Reading” document for that week or section and complete the requirements above. Type your response directly in the forum and make sure to cover all categories.

Learning Objectives:

• illustrate a thorough understanding of the information about and experiences of a non-dominant or minority group in Canada;
• determine which culturally competent counselling practices to bring into counselling work with clients; and
• analyze how their own personal factors may influence their counselling work with these clients.

Purpose:

The purpose of this assignment is to assist students in exploring and understanding information about a non-dominant or minority group in Canada and how they may bring this knowledge to their counselling work clients who may be in this group.

Instructions

1. Write a paper about counselling a specific cultural group that is clearly identified in the literature as a cultural group and that is in Canada. Your paper should be approximately eight (8) double-spaced pages long (or approximately 2000 words, +/- 100 words), excluding the cover page and the reference list. The minimum requirement for recent (last 7 years, 2017–2024), peer-reviewed sources is eight (8), in addition to any peer-reviewed required course readings that you may cite. Although there is no upper limit for the number of recent, peer-reviewed sources, the recommended maximum is 16. Remember that the course textbooks are not peer-reviewed sources. If you cite from course texts, make sure that you correctly cite the original source and not the editor of the book. Avoid citing original sources from secondary sources unless the source is not in the YU library or is unavailable online and the information is either foundational or critical to a particular point in your paper.
2. Title the report “Counselling X,” where X is the specific cultural group being reported on and focus on cultural groups in Canada. You must include Canada or Canadian in the title. Examples of appropriate titles are
   • Counselling Turkish-Canadian Clients,
   • Counselling Greek-Canadian Clients,
   • Counselling Eastern-European Canadian Clients
   • Counselling Indigenous Youth in Canada
3. Papers on counselling a specific Indigenous group of bands (such as the Inuit, prairie dwellers, youth, women, urban dwellers, adolescents living on reserves, etc.) are encouraged, as are reports on an Indo-Canadian or Chinese-Canadian subculture, such as children, adolescents, or women. Make sure to clearly define the group and delineate the age range for groups such as youth, children, or adolescents.
4. Reports on other specific groups or subcultures are also welcome. Examples include
   • Counselling Muslim Immigrant Clients in Canada,
   • Counselling Syrian Refugees in Canada,
   • Counselling Bicultural Adolescents in Canada,
   • Counselling Interethnic Couples in Canada, and
   • Counselling Deaf Clients in Canada.
5. Do not write on a topic that is too general such as Counselling Asian, Latino, African, European, Indigenous, Refugee, or Immigrant Clients in Canada. 

6. Include a brief introduction as well as a brief conclusion with a maximum of about 100 words for each. Do not include an abstract. Complete these four sections.

A. Socio-cultural and demographic background (20%)

In this section, include descriptive information about the specific cultural group that you have researched, such as demographics, history, social and cultural customs, traditions, belief systems and values, as well as epidemiological data on the prevalence of certain conditions, if such data exist. Make sure to be as specific as possible in your description. For example, if you write about youth in a particular group, make sure to define what age range you mean and what researchers have noted. Include at least two (2) recent (last seven years), peer-reviewed sources in addition to any required peer-reviewed course readings that you cite. Remember that the course texts are not peer-reviewed although you may find many of the original peer-reviewed sources cited in the course texts in the YU library. Write about 450 words for this section. 

B. Counselling strategies (30%)

In this section, include information about how you would conceptualize a presenting concern or concerns brought into counselling by someone in the cultural group. For illustrative purposes, you may develop a hypothetical client. The focus in this section is on considerations of therapeutic alliance and experiences that a client in this group may have had such as intergenerational trauma, personal trauma such as adverse childhood experiences, or experiences that may have contributed to them becoming migrants who are now refugees or immigrants in Canada, experiences of oppression and/or marginalization or anything that you believe may have contributed to them seeking counselling. You may make references to the theoretical material covered in the course, such as influences of individualism and collectivism, models of cultural identity formation, acculturation, or any other topic area that you think is relevant to the cultural group. Include at least three (3) recent (last seven years), peer-reviewed sources in addition to any required peer-reviewed course readings that you cite. Remember that the course texts are not peer-reviewed although you may find many of the original peer-reviewed sources cited in the course texts in the YU library. Look for sources that are about the particular cultural group in Canada. If you cite sources that are about the cultural group in other countries than Canada, explain how you think the information fits the cultural group in Canada. Remember to include your voice in what you are writing and note what you think about the research that you have read about the cultural group. Write about 700 words for this section.

C. Counselling interventions (20%)

In this section, address specific practical techniques that you believe would be appropriate and effective in working with clients in the cultural group. Include at least two (2) recent (last seven years), peer-reviewed sources in addition to any required peer-reviewed course readings that you cite. Remember that the course texts are not peer-reviewed although you may find many of the original peer-reviewed sources cited in the course texts in the YU library. Describe which interventions you may already utilize or would most likely utilize when you work with clients in the cultural group and why you think that they would be effective. Write about 450 words for this section

D. Directions for future research (10%)

In this section, identify existing gaps in the current research on and knowledge of diversity and cross-cultural counselling theory and practice related to the cultural group and/or areas of research that need to be expanded or improved and provide an agenda for future research. Describe what area or areas that you think are most important for researchers to focus on and how this may be useful to counselling work with clients from the cultural group. Include at least one (1) recent (last seven years), peer-reviewed sources in addition to any required peer-reviewed course readings that you cite. Remember that the course texts are not peer-reviewed although you may find many of the original peer-reviewed sources cited in the course texts in the YU library. Write about 200 words for this section.

The minimum requirement for recent (last 7 years, 2017–2024), peer-reviewed sources is eight (8), in addition to any peer-reviewed required course readings that you may cite. Although there is no upper limit for the number of recent, peer-reviewed sources, the recommended maximum is 16.

Students who plan to counsel/practise in a country other than Canada after graduation are welcome to contact the instructor for help to identify a relevant topic. If you are unsure that the cultural group in Canada that you want to discuss meets the criteria, discuss it with your instructor so that they can approve your choice. 

Structure

• Required components: Title page and reference page(s)
• Length of Assignment: The text body of paper (i.e., not including references and title page; do NOT include an abstract) should consist of approximately 2000 (+/- 100) words, (Times New Roman font size: 12)
• Format: Please, format your assignment in Word (files with extension .doc or .docx)
• References: Please provide at least a total of eight (8) recent (last 7 years, currently 2015-2023), peer-reviewed sources and a maximum of 16 recent, peer-reviewed sources. 

Considerations

No additional considerations.

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, please read and view the following required sources:

• The importance of a deeper knowledge of the history and theoretical foundations of behavior analysis: 1863–1960
• The Importance of a Deeper Knowledge of the History and Theoretical Foundations of Behaviorism and Behavior Therapy: Part 2—1960–1985
• John B. Watson – The Father of Behaviourism
• Bandura’s Social Cognitive theory: An Introduction

In your initial post, include the following:

• Summarize the foundational approaches of behavior analysis (previously known as behaviorism) and social cognitive (previously known as social learning) theory (SCT) and the early theorists associated with each theory. Be sure to note the drastic differences between behaviorist theories versus cognitivist theories.
• Describe how the two theories might be utilized in practice in the career path that interests you.
  • If you are not pursuing a career field, how might it apply to your daily personal interactions?
• Evaluatethe cultural considerations that should be considered when applying these theories in research today?
  • Example: Social cognitive theory suggests modeling and efficacy as key variables that determine behavior. How might culture affect how we analyze these variables? How could self-bias affect our research findings if not considered?

Prior to beginning work on this assignment, review the following required sources and begin searching for scholarly articles to read to be applied to your literature review:

• Writing a Literature Review
• The Traits of Reciprocal Determinism in Helen Macdonald’s H Is for Hawk
• The Cognitive Revolution: A Historical Perspective

Please remember to keep a copy of these instructions open while you write the paper.  This will help you include all required sections.

Learning and cognition is a broad discipline. For this Discipline-Based Literature Review, you will research at least four peer-reviewed articles published within the last ten years to support your analysis of just one of the following topics. You may choose the area that is of most interest to you:

• Operant and classical conditioning
• Reciprocal determinism
• The effects of modeling on learning
• The cognitive revolution
• The effects of self-efficacy on learning

In your analysis of your chosen topic, explain the theoretical perspectives and empirical research that are pertinent to the field of learning and cognition. This analysis should be developed robustly to support your success in completing the final project for this course.

Important: As you are writing this paper it is please note, that as a graduate student, your writing should be more developed than it was as an undergraduate. Be sure to overtly cite all information that would not be known as common knowledge in the world. Be sure to paraphrase (and cite) much more frequently than using quotation.  Avoid using a large number of quotes and avoid any quotation over 40 words in length.  Be sure to be clear and concise in your reporting of the research. When you are not sure about how to cite something, visit the Writing Center: https://writingcenter.uagc.edu/

Review the following sources prior to writing your paper:

After completing your writing, consider a paper review and double checking that all components are complete with an Academic Paper Checklist.It is also recommended that your paper be checked in Grammarly and through Turnitin prior to submission.

The following sources may also be helpful to you.

The Discipline-Based Literature Review

• Must be 1500 to 2000 words and double-spaced pages in length, not including the title or references pages, and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Writing Center.
• Must include a title page with the following:
  • Title of paper
  • Student’s name
  • Course name and number
  • Instructor’s name
  • Date submitted
• Must begin with an introductory paragraph which identifies the topic, its value to readers, and includes a thesis sentence explaining what you will argue or what topics will be covered. See Writing a Thesis Statement
• Begin the body of the paper with an overview of your chosen theory.
• Then present an overview of recent supporting peer-reviewed literature.  Cite key hypotheses, methods, results, and conclusions as needed.  Organize this section by the themes you discover when comparing the articles.  Avoid describing one article at a time. If you do describe one article at a time, end this section with a paragraph that explains how all the articles compare and what overall conclusions can be drawn.
• Follow this by discussing relatedethical dilemmas and ethical standards.
• Must end with a conclusion paragraph.
• Must address the topic of the paper, including each construct, with critical thought.
• Must use at least four scholarly sources in addition to the required resources.
  • The Scholarly, Peer Reviewed, and Other Credible Sources (Links to an external site.) table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source for a particular assignment.
• Must document all sources in APA 7th edition style as outlined in Citing Within Your Paper.
• Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in Formatting Your References List.

Overview

To obey the Great Commission, the church must learn to communicate the gospel to the nations in ways that is powerful, personal, and prophetic. In Research Paper: Finishing the Great Commission and Intercultural Communication Assignment, you will write about how God’s people can communicate the gospel with people of other cultures in the power of the Holy Spirit and how local churches and mission organizations can work together to complete the Great Commission as Jesus prayed in John 17.

Instructions

Key items to include in this assignment are outlined as follows:

• From the perspective of the Great Commission, with a focus on the role of Christian intercultural communication, research one cross-cultural issue in an “overseas” context, e.g. Business as Missions (BAM), working with Muslims, sex trafficking, and how God’s people can work together to fulfill the Great Commission. The issue addressed does not have to be something that you’ve personally experienced.
• You will include a conclusion of a minimum 250-words and an evaluation of a minimum of 750-words – in addition to a title page, table of contents, bibliography and cited references – for the Research Paper: Finishing the Great Commission and Intercultural Communication Assignment.
• You will support your assertions with a minimum of 2 textbook resource and 2 outside academic resources.
• Make sure to provide all citations as footnotes.
• Format the assignment following Turabian format with cover page, contents page, paper with an outline, and bibliography.
• The submission for Research Paper: Finishing the Great Commission and Intercultural Communication Assignment will include the introduction, Research Paper: CQ Assessment and Research Paper: Local Community and Intercultural Communication, and will be a cumulative paper with a title page, complete table of contents, and bibliography citing all utilized references.

Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.