The Politics of Development – POG323
Spring 2022
Take-home Final Exam
Instructor: Prof. Tariq Amin-Khan
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PART A: TERMS (each in 130 words or less)
(10% each = 30%)
Explain, and where possible compare and contrast, each of the following:

1. Women’s Reproductive and Productive Labour
2. Ecology and Biodiversity
3. Neoliberalism and Globalization
   PART B: LONGER ANSWER QUESTIONS (each in 300 words or less)
   (23.33% each = 70%)
   Provide a concise analytical response to each of the following:
4. What is your understanding of the notion of development and developmentalism
   as ideology? How did colonialism disrupt the organic development in the former
   colonies; explain why, even after decolonization, is the semi-periphery and the
   periphery/satellite still dependent on the metropolis/global North?
5. Relying on the film, Life and Debt, course lectures and readings analyze the
   impositions of IMF’s structural adjustment programs (SAPs) on Jamaica. What
   are the consequences of IMF’s conditionalities and SAPs on Jamaica’s farmers
   and its industry? Does the Jamaican example have relevance for other Third
   World states?
6. What do you understand by the argument that rural poverty is related to
   landlessness/land concentration? Explain how is the rise of urban informality
   related to rural poverty.
   • You have to attempt ALL QUESTIONS from both parts of this exam.
   • Do not consult sources other than lecture notes, assigned readings, and
   documentaries shown during class meetings.
   • Do not quote from the readings; use your own words to describe major ideas
   that you borrow from the readings/lectures, but give credit to your source(s).
   • Please provide the word count at the end of each response.
   • Late submissions will not be accepted.

Assignment Content Details:

In this assignment you will choose a Toronto (or GTA) neighbourhood and propose a utopian redevelopment of that neighbourhood. You will research and write an 1800-2200-word Utopia Project

In the Module on The Modern City and Ideas about the City, we heard some ideas about how people thought the modern city could be improved. Some of those ideas, such as those of Frank Lloyd Wright’s ‘Broadacre City’, were quite utopian in character. A utopia is an imaginary society or place that contains many or all of the desired amenities of its residents. In this Utopia Project, you are tasked with redeveloping a Toronto neighbourhood to help make the city more utopian!

You should be prepared to dream big! Don’t be confined by what already exists or what is too expensive! Do you want roller coasters? Social housing as tall as the CN Tower? Plots of land for people to farm? Go for it! The Utopia Project is up to you!

Despite your grand dreams, what you redevelop should be grounded in contemporary reality and how human geography addresses that reality. Human Geography is the study of the relationship between people, place, and space. Your Utopia Project must be about a particular neighbourhood and through your discussion of proposed changes you should illustrate the integrative character of Geographical analysis. Consider the various aspects of Geography of Toronto (urban, social, cultural, political, economic, environmental, transportation) and examine how your topic and neighbourhood might be affected by each approach. Your Project should be grounded in the human experience of neighbourhoods.

You are tasked with a four-part objective:

1) Identification of neighbourhood (Approximately one page)

You should consider at what scale your proposed changes will occur. For instance, if you are proposing to redevelop the wealthy Toronto neighbourhood of Rosedale, will your proposed changes occur at a small, medium, or large scale? For instance, see the map below for three possible scales at which a student might redevelop Rosedale. Be sure to suggest the boundaries of your proposed changes, no matter the scale you choose.

You must offer a critical description of the current neighbourhood. You might consider including information about some or all of the below:

            -Statistics and/or demographics

            -Housing and/or commercial costs

            -Built form and/or land use (residential, commercial, industrial, recreational, institutional,         transportation)

            -Relevant historical aspects of the neighbourhood

*Special note: Many students choose the neighbourhood Jane-Finch for this assignment. While it is a legitimate choice, Jeff has read SO MANY projects about this neighbourhood! Please, if you can, choose another neighbourhood! You might even consider redeveloping part of a neighbourhood that isn’t traditionally the kind of neighbourhood that would be a target for redevelopment. I highly encourage you to do so. For instance, housing unaffordability and wealth inequality are major issues in Toronto, thus, a wealthy and expensive neighbourhood like Rosedale has problems! You can consider any Toronto neighbourhood as long as you justify it!

2) Discussion of the issue(s) your project aims to address (Approximately one to two pages). These might include some combination of the below:

            -Housing type or prices

            -Gentrification

            -Poverty

            -Automobile issues

            -Public transportation

            -Cycling infrastructure

            -Urban sprawl

            -Community space

            -Public housing

            -Monoculture (Starbucks and condos everywhere)

            -Homelessness

            -Natural environment

            -Public safety

            -Zoning/land use conflicts

            -NIMBYism

            -Accessibility

            -Food deserts

Some of the issues you discuss should be issues with the particular neighbourhood you have chosen, but you might also consider remedying issues with the city as a whole. In this section you should cite your research where relevant.

For instance, in the above example about Rosedale, that neighbourhood might not seem like an obvious neighbourhood to redevelop because it is wealthy, but it lacks affordable housing, as does the entire city! So, if you proposed an affordable housing redevelopment for the ‘fancy’ neighbourhood of Rosedale, you might expect to deal with housing type or prices, poverty, public housing, and NIMBYism (or others!).

3)  Literature review (Approximately one to two pages)

You must conduct a scholarly review of some relevant literature that discusses the issues your project aims to address. Your sources should support your proposed changes. See above for minimum research requirements. I would like to see a mix of scholarly and non-scholarly source usage.

4) Proposed utopian redevelopment changes (Approximately two to three pages)

What is your project? Here, you should lay out what you plan for the neighbourhood. There are many ways to do this and I encourage you to be creative! As long as your plan is within the realm of possibility, it will work for this assignment. I encourage you to dream. You might consider using images of your plans. Despite the room here for creativity, there are some things you should cover, including:

-Time frame for changes

-Plans for current residents/occupants (resettlement plans?)

-Transportation changes

-Infrastructure / built form changes (This is mandatory – you must propose physical changes!)

In this section you must also explain how your plan addresses the issues you have suggested above in 2). You should cite your research here as well. Your plan must be grounded in the literature!

Note: Because I’m encouraging you to dream big, money is irrelevant to this Utopia Project. You can imagine you have unlimited funds for your Project.

1
Communities and Public Law

Please answer the following ten short-answer questions. Return your answers via
the course eClass page before 4:00 PM on June 2, 2022. Your answers should be
written in ordinary prose, using your own words – i.e., write in complete sentences,
don’t copy or cut-and-paste, and don’t forget to provide a proper citation if you
directly quote someone else’s words. Good luck!

1. For more than a century, John Austin’s command theory of law was the
   leading theory of law in the English-speaking world. Why did it fall out
   of favour?
2. What did Lon Fuller mean when he wrote that a lawmaker who violated
   any of his eight principles of legality would fail to make law?
3. Why is it called common law?
4. What is the significance of the Royal Proclamation of 1763 for
   Aboriginal law?
5. In the Reference re. Environmental Management Act, the BC Court of
   Appeal held that an amendment requiring a hazardous substance permit
   to transport heavy oil via pipeline was ultra vires the province’s
   legislative powers. Briefly describe the reasons given for the court’s
   decision.
   2
6. Define the conventions of responsible government.
7. What does it mean to say that superior (or s. 96) courts have inherent
   jurisdiction?
8. How has the Supreme Court of Canada defined judicial independence?
   (Your answer should refer to Valente v. The Queen and/or the Reference
   re. Remuneration of Judges of the Provincial Court (PEI).)
9. Why is the Canadian Bill of Rights generally seen as a failure?
10. Write a brief step-by-step description of the Oakes test.

[WLOs: 1, 2] [CLOs: 1, 2, 3, 4]

Prior to beginning the assignment, review Chapters 4 and 5 in your textbook, where risk factors for criminal behavior are covered from a biological, developmental, and situational perspective. Keeping your own “client” in mind (that you chose for your final paper), please read the chapters and in this assignment please cover the following:

• Assess the role (briefly) that all three (biological, developmental, and situational) perspectives play in influencing criminal behavior.
• Choose one of the three perspectives (biological, developmental, or situational).
• Evaluate the relationship between your chosen perspective and criminal behavior.
• Illustrate a link between your client’s crimes and your chosen perspective based on the client you chose for your Comprehensive Case Study Report Final Paper.

Be sure to use examples from the textbook and your client’s case to support your assertions.

The Origins of Crime: Biological, Developmental, or Situational? 

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapter 8: Psychology of Homicide in your textbook.

Your initial post should be at least 300 words in length. Please elaborate on the following as you complete your discussion. Support your claims with examples from the required materials and/or other scholarly sources, and properly cite any references:

• In your textbook, there are four different types of homicide offenders: domestic-violence homicide offenders, felony homicide offenders, accident homicide offenders, and altercation-precipitated homicide offenders. Based on your client’s case, which type, if any, describes your client’s homicide offender type? Elaborate on the homicide-offender type characteristics and the fact of the case that make you believe your client falls under that type.
• If your client does not fall under any of the four types, elaborate on why you arrived at this conclusion.
• Now focus on the six psychosocial (demographic) factors related to homicide discussed in the chapter. Which of these are relevant to your client? Why do you say so? Which of these are not relevant? Why do you say so? Be sure to elaborate and include details from your client’s life to support your assertions.
• What does the research say about these psychosocial variables and homicide offenders? That is, what are some common themes that arise in the research about the life experiences of homicide offenders?