| Score: |
Week 5 |
Correlation and Regression |
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| <1 point> |
1. |
Create a correlation table for the variables in our data set. (Use analysis ToolPak or StatPlus:mac LE function Correlation.) |
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a. |
Reviewing the data levels from week 1, what variables can be used in a Pearson’s Correlation table (which is what Excel produces)? |
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b. Place table here (C8): |
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c. |
Using r = approximately .28 as the signicant r value (at p = 0.05) for a correlation between 50 values, what variables are |
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significantly related to Salary? |
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To compa? |
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d. |
Looking at the above correlations – both significant or not – are there any surprises -by that I |
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mean any relationships you expected to be meaningful and are not and vice-versa? |
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e. |
Does this help us answer our equal pay for equal work question? |
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| <1 point> |
2 |
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Below is a regression analysis for salary being predicted/explained by the other variables in our sample (Midpoint, |
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age, performance rating, service, gender, and degree variables. (Note: since salary and compa are different ways of |
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expressing an employee’s salary, we do not want to have both used in the same regression.) |
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Plase interpret the findings. |
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Ho: The regression equation is not significant. |
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Ha: The regression equation is significant. |
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Ho: The regression coefficient for each variable is not significant |
Note: technically we have one for each input variable. |
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Ha: The regression coefficient for each variable is significant |
Listing it this way to save space. |
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Sal |
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SUMMARY OUTPUT |
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Regression Statistics |
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Multiple R |
0.9915591 |
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R Square |
0.9831894 |
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Adjusted R Square |
0.9808437 |
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Standard Error |
2.6575926 |
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Observations |
50 |
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ANOVA |
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df |
SS |
MS |
F |
Significance F |
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Regression |
6 |
17762.3 |
2960.38 |
419.1516 |
1.812E-36 |
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Residual |
43 |
303.7003 |
7.0628 |
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Total |
49 |
18066 |
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Coefficients |
Standard Error |
t Stat |
P-value |
Lower 95% |
Upper 95% |
Lower 95.0% |
Upper 95.0% |
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Intercept |
-1.749621 |
3.618368 |
-0.4835 |
0.631166 |
-9.046755 |
5.5475126 |
-9.04675504 |
5.54751262 |
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Midpoint |
1.2167011 |
0.031902 |
38.1383 |
8.66E-35 |
1.1523638 |
1.2810383 |
1.152363828 |
1.28103827 |
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Age |
-0.004628 |
0.065197 |
-0.071 |
0.943739 |
-0.136111 |
0.1268547 |
-0.13611072 |
0.1268547 |
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Performace Rating |
-0.056596 |
0.034495 |
-1.6407 |
0.108153 |
-0.126162 |
0.0129695 |
-0.12616237 |
0.01296949 |
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Service |
-0.0425 |
0.084337 |
-0.5039 |
0.616879 |
-0.212582 |
0.1275814 |
-0.21258209 |
0.12758138 |
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Gender |
2.4203372 |
0.860844 |
2.81159 |
0.007397 |
0.6842792 |
4.1563952 |
0.684279192 |
4.15639523 |
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Degree |
0.2755334 |
0.799802 |
0.3445 |
0.732148 |
-1.337422 |
1.8884885 |
-1.33742165 |
1.88848848 |
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Note: since Gender and Degree are expressed as 0 and 1, they are considered dummy variables and can be used in a multiple regression equation. |
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Interpretation: |
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For the Regression as a whole: |
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What is the value of the F statistic: |
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What is the p-value associated with this value: |
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Is the p-value <0.05? |
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Do you reject or not reject the null hypothesis: |
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What does this decision mean for our equal pay question: |
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For each of the coefficients: |
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Intercept |
Midpoint |
Age |
Perf. Rat. |
Service |
Gender |
Degree |
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What is the coefficient’s p-value for each of the variables: |
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Is the p-value < 0.05? |
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Do you reject or not reject each null hypothesis: |
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What are the coefficients for the significant variables? |
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Using only the significant variables, what is the equation? |
Salary = |
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Is gender a significant factor in salary: |
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If so, who gets paid more with all other things being equal? |
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How do we know? |
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| <1 point> |
3 |
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Perform a regression analysis using compa as the dependent variable and the same independent |
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variables as used in question 2. Show the result, and interpret your findings by answering the same questions. |
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Note: be sure to include the appropriate hypothesis statements. |
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Regression hypotheses |
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Ho: |
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Ha: |
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Coefficient hyhpotheses (one to stand for all the separate variables) |
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Ho: |
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Ha: |
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Place D94 in output box. |
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Interpretation: |
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For the Regression as a whole: |
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What is the value of the F statistic: |
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What is the p-value associated with this value: |
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Is the p-value < 0.05? |
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Do you reject or not reject the null hypothesis: |
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What does this decision mean for our equal pay question: |
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For each of the coefficients: |
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Intercept |
Midpoint |
Age |
Perf. Rat. |
Service |
Gender |
Degree |
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What is the coefficient’s p-value for each of the variables: |
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Is the p-value < 0.05? |
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Do you reject or not reject each null hypothesis: |
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What are the coefficients for the significant variables? |
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Using only the significant variables, what is the equation? |
Compa = |
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Is gender a significant factor in compa: |
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If so, who gets paid more with all other things being equal? |
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How do we know? |
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| <1 point> |
4 |
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Based on all of your results to date, |
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Do we have an answer to the question of are males and females paid equally for equal work? |
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If so, which gender gets paid more? |
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How do we know? |
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Which is the best variable to use in analyzing pay practices – salary or compa? Why? |
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What is most interesting or surprising about the results we got doing the analysis during the last 5 weeks? |
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| <2 points> |
5 |
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Why did the single factor tests and analysis (such as t and single factor ANOVA tests on salary equality) not provide a complete answer to our salary equality question? |
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What outcomes in your life or work might benefit from a multiple regression examination rather than a simpler one variable test? |
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