I need this discussion response answer below must be at least 150 words.
Response question:
The initial question of if it is ethical to use the findings of such studies like the Tuskegee Syphilis Study or any studies conducted by the Nazis on Jews is a double edge sword. On one hand, you have data collected due to science and study and on the other hand, you have the unethical means by which the experiments were carried out. In the Tuskegee study, participants were not told of the reasoning behind the study and were given vague reasoning and trigger words that would make them excited to participate. Whereas in all Nazi experiments participants were not even given reasoning nor catchphrases that would draw them in as they were forced to participate. Yet as a result of both science was launched forward due to these experiments conducted on unknowing and unwilling participants. As indicated in the Belmont report one’s consent is essential when conducting studies with human subjects.
There are a multitude of long-term impacts that still remain to this day based on unethical research conducted on both the African American community as a whole and surely the Jewish communities as well. Far too often African Americans are mistrustful of the health care system. We see in the data collected that, Black men tend to allow their masculinity to influence their reasoning for seeking and not seeking medical assistance when needed. This may be the ramifications of experiments such as the Tuskegee Study. Jews on the other hand have been known to seek medical advice and aid within their own community rather than other ethnicities which can be linked to the experiments at the hands of the Nazis (non-Jews). These examples of mistrust towards the health care system can spread into other aspects of everyday life and how one interacts with others in various cultures and classes simply due to one bad act thrust upon a certain population of people. As a result of this targeted positive engagement is key in bridging the burnt gap left by the above-mentioned acts.
References:
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. (1979). Belmont Report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. Washington, DC: Author.
Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military Tribunals under Control Council Law No. 10. Nuremberg October 1946 – April 1949, Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office (n.d.), vol. 2., pp. 181-182.
Vonderlehr, R.A., Clark, T., Wenger, O.C., Heller, J.R. (1936), Untreated Syphilis in the Male Negro, Journal of Venereal Disease Information. 17:260-265.
Courtenay W. H. (2000). Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men’s well-being: A theory of gender and health. Social Science & Medicine, 50, 1385-1401
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