use the Information provide and google to answer the following questions.cite each a answer with the link under your answer. no need for a reference page, all is needed is a link under the answer. example: answer and then under it put the link where you got the Information. no like needed for the reflection part
Part I Questions
- Review the lab values in table 1 (grandma’s) and 2 (normal values), indicate what is the significance of each test. Create a table for ease of reviewing.
- Do any of her laboratory results account for the symptoms of the patient. List those lab results that match her symptoms.
- Which of the lab values gives you information about how Mrs. Burroughs’ kidneys are functioning? Use the answer in question 1.
Part II Questions
4. What is the mechanism of action of hydrochlorothiazide? How long is the effect of the medication? Review specifically what is the role of the medication since it will assist you in answering the questions in part IV.
5. Check the OTC medications and provide the mechanisms of action. Create a table for ease of grading.
6. Check drug interactions between prescribed and non-prescribe medications to help you answer the next question by reviewing the interactions (drugs.com). List the information.
7.Could any of Mrs. Burroughs’ current problems be related to the drugs (over the counter or prescription or the combination) she has been taking? Describe why do you think there is a relationship based on the drug interactions from the previous question.
Part III Questions
8.Compare the serum calcium values of Mrs. Burroughs (provided in the case study) to the reference value of PTH provided on the PTH-Calcium normogram on Canvas. Describe what she may be suffering from based on what the normogram shows? Note: blood PTH values are in pg/ml on the normogram.
9.Based on your answer in the previous question, describe what are the potential causes of your findings?
10.Why do you think the doctor stated the PTH levels are within what the doctor expected (8 pg/ml)? Second paragraph on part III of the case study.
11.Review the last sentence on part III regarding the patient’s 2 main problems the doctor listed. If the doctor stated Mrs. Burroughs has too little acid what does that indicate to you? Explain your answer using any physiology principle(s) you have learned or chemistry.
12.Compare Mrs. Burroughs’ symptoms to the symptoms you listed in the previous question and determine what she may be suffering from? Be specific on the diagnosis.
13.Based on your knowledge of reabsorption and secretion in the nephron and acid-base balance, describe how does the renal system can resolve the acidosis or alkalosis (depending on what is your answer in the previous question).
14.Review table 2 and provide a list of the test(s) you think were not done that the doctor should have order to determine if the patient is suffering from alkalosis or acidosis.
Part IV Questions
15.Review the diagram on part IV of the case study related to normal Calcium reabsorption. In addition, review your answers in Part III and explain why you think her serum calcium levels are elevated. Review the short video regarding Ca and PTH relationship included with the module if you need to.
16.Review the chemical reaction shown after the first paragraph of part IV of the case study, the serum pH provided for Mrs. Burrough (table 1) and the serum bicarbonate provided (table 1). Based on your understanding of the information provided, answer the following questions (1) in which direction is the reaction in part IV proceeding (right to left or left to right) (2) would the serum pH on the arterial side indicate the same clinical problem (answer to question 12 in part III)? You may want to review the Respiratory Physiology II lecture before answering the question.
17.Does your answer in the previous question agrees or disagrees with the last statement in paragraph 3 of part III of the case study? Also, review what you answered in question 11 of part III above before answering.
Reflection
- What should be the concern regarding over the counter medications?
- What did you learn from the case study? List if more than one.
- Did the case study help you in understanding how laboratory test can provide direct information on acid-base balance? Explain in as much detail as you can.
- What did you learn that can help you in your future career? If it will not state it.
- What other information could have been provided to help you understand the case study?
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