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According to the textbook, Erikson believed that “each period of life has a unique challenge or crisis that the person who reaches it must face” (page 18). This leads us into the various stages of development that Erikson came up with. He has 8 different stages that a person will go through throughout their life time but we will start off with the first two stages, trust versus mistrust and Autonomy versus shame/doubt, which deal with birth and infancy.
The birth stage is the ages from birth to 12-18 months. This stage is identified as the trust versus mistrust stage and is when the child begins feeling trust in caregivers (page 19). When a baby is first born, they become close to their mom automatically. Babies can also sense who they can trust and who they cannot trust as they get older; a lot of people underestimate babies but they are smarter than most people think. Of course they trust their mom and dad but then others such as grandparents, siblings or friends of the family will have to gain the baby’s trust. The more time a person spends with a baby than the more familiar they will become with that person which makes them become more trusting. Even more than that, according to Saul Mcleod, author of the website simply psychology, “if the care the infant receives is constant, predictable, and reliable they will develop a sense of trust.”
The infancy stage is the ages of 18 months to 3 years and this stage is identified as autonomy versus shame/doubt. During this stage the child develops a sense of what can and cannot be done and discovers a sense of free will (page 19). This stage allows the child to become more independent in who they are and it allows them to take control over various physical skills. If a parent helps their baby be successful during this stage then the child will discover a “virtue of will.” If the child is encouraged in independence during this stage then they will become more confident in themselves and in the world (simply psychology). Both of these stages are very important to a Childs development and depending on how they do during these two stages will determine how they react to the stages that fall later in life.
https://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html
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