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Chapter 7 (thinking, language and intelligence)
Matching: not all of the terms will be used
A. IQ score
B. Language
C. LAD
D. Chomsky versus Skinner
E. Concepts
F. Prototypes
G. Insight
H. Heuristic
I. Algorithm
J. Functional fixedness
K. Mental set
_____ sudden realization of a solution to a problem
_____ Language Acquisition Device: Chomsky’s biological mechanism that enables language acquisition in humans.
_____ time-saving strategy of problem solving
_____ communication through the use of symbols
_____ When expectations interfere with problem solving
_____ Biological predisposition vs environmental influence on language
development
_____ Best representative example
_____ The mental grouping of objects, ideas, or events that share common properties.
_____ Mental age/ Chronological age
Sequencing: For the universal sequence of language development, indicate which of the following occur first, second, …… and last by placing the appropriate number in each blank when “1” indicates the event that occurs “first”, “2” indicates the event the occurs second, and so on.
_____ language comprehension
_____ babbling
_____ first word
_____ cooing
_____ two-word stage
_____ 24 -50-word vocabulary
_____ holophrasing
_____ 200-250 word vocabulary
Short answer essays:
1. Describe the major differences between Skinner’s behavioral view of language development and Chomsky’s Nativist view of language development.
2. Describe how the score on an intelligence test determines your IQ score.
Chapter 8: (Motivation and Emotion)
Match each theory of motivation with the descriptions:
A. Evolutionary theory (Instincts)
B. Drive-reduction theory
C. Search for stimulation (Optimum level of arousal)
D. Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
_____ physiological needs before all other needs
_____ maintaining homeostasis motivates behaviors
_____ Thrill-seekers have a high level of arousal
_____ biologically driven behaviors that aid survival
_____ motivation to maintain personal level of arousal
_____ self-actualization
_____ we eat because we are hungry, but would never “over eat”!
Describe an intrinsic motivator and an extrinsic motivator that influences your behaviors:
a) Intrinsic motivator:
b) Extrinsic motivator:
“Physiological change occurs at the same time as the subjective feeling” describes which theory of emotion?
___ James-Lange theory ___ Cannon-Bard theory
___ Schacter’s two-factor theory
True or False:
_____ According to the James-Lange theory, the intensity of the physiological change will affect the intensity of the emotion.
_____ Motivation is internal process.
_____ The search for stimulation helps to maintain homeostasis
_____ Instincts are learned behaviors that are controlled by the instinctive animal.
_____ Emotional responses are comprised of a physiological change, a cognitive component and a behavioral expression.
_____ Homeostasis is an aspect of the optimum level of arousal theory.
_____ Reading a book because you find it interesting, is an example of intrinsic motivation.
______ According to Schacter’s cognitive appraisal theory of emotion, the emotion that is experience depends upon the intensity of the physiological response.
Chapter 9: Life Span development
Match the following theories or model of behavior with the appropriate description
A. Erikson’s theory
B. Piaget’s theory
C. Kohlberg’s theory
D. Vygotsky
______ four stages of cognitive development
_____ social development that occupies the life span
_____ social influence on cognitive development
_____ theory of moral reasoning
_____ trust versus mistrust
Match the following terms from Piaget’s theory to the descriptions. Not all terms will be used.
A. Object permanence
B. Animism
C. Egocentrism
D. Conservation
E. Sensorimotor stage
F. Preoperational stage
G. Concrete operational stage
H. Formal operational stage
_____ 1. In ability to see another person’s perspective
_____ 2. Stage during which adolescents are able to think abstractly
_____ 3. Eight month olds who understand that objects exist even when they cannot see them!
_____ 4. Stage when preschoolers do not understand logic
_____ 5. The understanding that objects do not change (increase or decrease, for example) when their appearance change.
True or false:
_____ Authoritative parents are involved in their child’s life, but set rules and use discipline
_____ The shortest of the three prenatal stages is the fetal stage
_____ During the embryonic stage, the zygote is formed
_____ The Babinsky reflex is triggered by touching the bottom of the infant’s feet
_____ Permissive parents sets a lot of rules for their children to follow
_____ Kohlberg created a theory of moral development
_____ Mary Ainsworth defined secure attachment as infants who stay close to their mothers
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