I have a 20 page papers i need help with guide lines are below and a sample paper provided and the book is provided too only the first 3 chapters and a half are covered
Questions/Issues That Must Be Addressed Within Portfolios
The portfolio is not a question and answer session. These questions are provided to you as a guide. Once your portfolio is completed for any section, you should review and ask if all the issues listed in that section have been addressed. If the answer is yes, then you have completed your work. If the answer is no, then you should supplement whatever is missing.
***Agenda Setting Portfolio Questions/Issues
What is agenda setting?
How does agenda setting occur from public problems?
Why may public problems not get the attention of government?
What are the kinds of agendas?
What tools are used in policy discussions/arguments?
What are the models of agenda building and their implications for agenda setting?
Who participates in agenda building?
How can we predict who will participate in agenda building?
Why can it be said that agenda building is the most important aspect of the policy process?
How do we achieve mobilization?
***Policy Formulation Portfolio Questions/Issues
What is policy formulation and how does it differ from agenda setting?
Who determines policy formulation? Who participates in policy formulation?
Explain why problem definition is important in the policy formulation process.
Who are policy entrepreneurs and what is their role in problem definition?
What are top-down models of policy formulation and how do they differ from the bottom-up model?
What is the technical difference between the rational comprehensive model and the incremental model of policy formulation? Explain the strengths and weaknesses of each model in the policy formulation process.
What is the target population model? How does it differ from the conventional conception of policy formulation?
Who are street-level bureaucrats? What are street-level bureaucracies?
How do street-level bureaucrats make public policy?
***Policy Implementation Portfolio Questions/Issues
What is policy implementation?
How does it differ from agenda setting and policy formulation?
What is the difference between self-executing and other forms of policy?
Who participates in policy implementation? What is the formula for knowing who participates?
What is the major role of bureaucratic agencies in policy implementation?
Why are laws crafted in complex legal language? What is the implication of this for bureaucratic agencies?
What is rule-making? Why is this important in policy implementation?
What are the basic questions involved in policy implementation? How do we know when these questions are answered satisfactorily?
Discuss matters associated with management by objectives (MBO), decision tree, and the critical path methods.
Discuss the roles of agencies, legislatures, courts, interest groups, etc. in policy implementation.
***Policy Evaluation Portfolio Questions/Issues
What is Policy Evaluation? How does it differ from the other policy stages?
Why is Policy Evaluation a necessary step in the policy process?
What are the kinds of Evaluations undertaken and how do they differ?
Distinguish between Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Goals.
Why must Policy Evaluation be driven by Primary Goals?
Who determines the standards for success?
What is the role of bureaucratic agencies in Policy Evaluation?
What is the role of the courts? What about interest groups?
Policies that are not achieving their goals should be discontinued. What are the problems associated with Policy Discontinuity?
Public Policy can be evaluated for efficiency, effectiveness, adequacy, and equity. Describe each of these standards and say why they are important yardsticks for evaluating policy generally.
What are the five questions that are associated with practical program evaluation?
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