Physical science labs 2

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Lab 6: Potential & Kinetic Energ


Refer to the Beyond Labz application to find the lab bench and the Beyond Labz landing. Follow the instructions on the Beyond Labz worksheet specific to the lab title in order to complete this assignment.

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Potential and Kinetic Energy

There are a total of eight graded responses or activities in this lab consisting of: 1 pre-lab questions; 3 tables; and 4 questions. Each activity is worth 5 points each. For a total of 40 points for this lab.

Purpose

To study the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy.

Intuition
Have you ever dropped a book or a dish and heard a loud sound when it hit the floor? What caused
that? An energy conversion! Your object started with all potential energy, which converted to kinetic
energy as it fell and then when it hit the ground and slowed down, all of that energy was converted to
thermal energy of the molecules in the object and sound. Energy conversions happen all the time!

Definitions

Kinetic energy, potential energy

Context & Theory
The conversion of energy between potential energy and kinetic energy is a process that is observed
throughout our daily lives. Any time an object falls from any height and speeds up as it falls to the ground, we are observing a transformation of energy.
In this activity you will be observing the connection between the height of an object on a ramp, or the
potential energy of an object, and the speed of the object after it has slid to the bottom of the ramp and all the energy has been converted to kinetic energy. Because the ramp is frictionless, all gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy and not lost to friction or thermal energy. All of the mechanical energy in the beginning was stored in gravitational energy and since the velocity at the beginning was zero, the kinetic energy at the beginning was zero also.

Lab7: Transmission & Reflection

Refer to the Beyond Labz application to find the lab bench and the Beyond Labz landing. Follow the instructions on the Beyond Labz worksheet specific to the lab title in order to complete this assignment.

Download the Beyond Labz worksheet for this lab here:

Transmission & Reflection.pdf

There are a total of eight graded responses or activities in this lab consisting of: 1 pre-lab questions; and 7 questions. Each activity is worth 5 points each. For a total of 40 points for this lab.

Purpose

To study the properties of light when intercepting transparent and opaque objects and to examine
reflections of images off plane mirrors from different angles.

Intuition
Some people think there would be nothing worse than going blind. Blindness is described as the “world going dark”, however is that really what happens? We are able to see things because there is visible light from the Sun reflecting off everything and intercepting the receptors in our eyes. Even if we close our eyes, or go blind, the light is still there, bouncing around, carrying information and will continue to do so until it is absorbed by something or the source of light energy disappears.

Definitions

Opaque, reflection, transmission, transparent

Context & Theory
When light runs into a surface it can do one of three things: bounce off, travel through, or be completely absorbed in the substance. Some combination of these three options can also occur. If light hits a surface at the right angle, some portion of the light can pass through the substance and some of it will reflect off at an angle. What the light will do is dependent on what surface it is hitting. Transparent substances will usually allow light to travel through them, with some amount of refraction and absorption. Opaque substances often absorb light, which is why you can’t see through them. Reflective substances primarily reflect the light that hits them.

Observing the properties of light and learning how to predict the behavior is what is studied in the field of optics. In this activity, you will experiment with reflective and transparent surfaces and observe how the object you are examining appears under different conditions.

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