Pathophysiology of Alzheimer Disease
During the last 5 weeks, you have explored various body systems:
neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, and hematological. These four
systems work together along with other body systems to complete a
myriad of functions. For this reason, when disorders occur within one
body system, it can create potentially devastating effects throughout
the entire body. For instance, Parkinson’s disease is a disorder of the
central nervous system, yet its alterations actually affect multiple
body systems from the cardiovascular system to the gastrointestinal
system. In this Assignment, you examine alterations associated with
disorders, as well as the impact of the alterations on multiple body
systems.
To Complete
Develop a 10- to 15-slide PowerPoint presentation that addresses the following:
Describe the Alzheimer disorder, as well as associated
alterations. Explain the pathophysiology of the alterations, including
changes that occur in at least two body systems.Explain how genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior might
impact the pathophysiology of Alzheimer Disease, as well as diagnosis
and treatment of the disorder.Construct a mind map for Alzheimer Disease. Include the
epidemiology, pathophysiology of alterations, risk factors, and clinical
presentation, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder.
See attachment for resources and the beginning of the assignment.
Wk8Assgn2.docx
Assignment 2: The Pathophysiology of Disorders
To Complete
Develop a 10- to 15-slide PowerPoint presentation that addresses the following:
Cover Page: Alzheimer’s Disease
· Describe your selected disorder
Slide One: Alzheimer’s Disease
Irreversible, Slowly progressive brain disorder
Destroys memory and thinking skills
Progresses over a course of 5-10 years.
Most Common Cause of Dementia
Accounts for 50% of cases
Ranked Sixth leading cause of death
Notes:
Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible and slowly progressive brain
disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills (Huether &
McCance, 2017). The course of the disease progresses over a timeframe
of about 5-10 years. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of
dementia which accounts for 50% of cases in the United States (Huether
& McCance, 2017), and is ranked the sixth leading cause of death
(National Institute on Aging, 2019).
· Describe Associated Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease
Slide Two: Pathophysiology and Associated Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease
Slide Notes: BELOW IS DIRECTLY FROM HUETHER & McCance textbook.
“Pathologic alterations in the brain include the accumulation of
extracellular neuritic plaques containing a core of amyloid beta
protein, intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, and degeneration of
basal forebrain cholinergic neurons with loss of acetylcholine. Failure
to process and clear amyloid precursor protein results in the
accumulation of toxic fragments of amyloid beta protein that leads to
formation of diffuse neuritic plaques, disruption of nerve impulse
transmission, and death of neurons. The Tau protein, a
microtubule-binding protein, in neurons detaches and forms an insoluble
filament called neurofibrillary tangle, contributing to neuronal death.
Neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are more concentrated in
the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. The loss of neurons results in
brain atrophy with widening of sulci and shrinkage of gyri. Loss of
synapses, acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters contributes to the
decline of memory and attention and the loss of other cognitive
functions associated with alzheimer’s disease (AD).” (Huether &
McCance, 2017, p. 371).
Slide Three: Progression of Alzheimer Disease
· Explain changes that occur in at least two body systems
· Explain how genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior might impact the pathophysiology of the alterations you identified
· Explain how genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior impact the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
· Mind Map- epidemiology, pathophysiology of alterations, risk factors, and clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment
REFERENCES TO USE FOR POWERPOINT
Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis,
MO: Mosby.
Curran, S., & Wattis, J. (2012). Practical management of dementia: A multi-professional approach. Abingdon: Radcliffe Medical.
Murray, F. (2012). Minimizing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-alzheimers
https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/delirium-and-dementia/alzheimer-disease
https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet
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