write a 3-4 lines comments on paragh #1 & #2 seperately.
#1
In the late 1950s, French and Raven distinguished five types of power – legitimate, reward, coercive, referent and expert power. Those five are the major components with two more added later – connection and information power. Each power has its corresponding influencing tactic(s).
Even though power is the leader’s potential influence over followers, the influence does include pressure. The use of coercive power involves punishment and withholding of rewards to influence compliance. It is also called the pressure influencing tactic. [1] Sometimes with suitable amount of pressure, leaders can make employees do better jobs. For example, the fear of losing the job or rewards, being assigned to less-desirable jobs and losing promotion opportunities causes employee to do better as requested.
Assertive and aggressive tactics are definitely different from each other. Assertiveness is described as a form of communication in with needs or wishes are stated clearly with respect for oneself and the other person in the communication; while aggressiveness usually includes strong emotion. Aggressiveness is a form of physical or verbal behavior leading to self-assertion; it is often angry and destructive and intended to be injurious, physically or emotionally, and aimed at domination of one person by another. [2] Aggressive leaders, if it can be called “leaders”, are more like a tyrant. They are actually not leaders from my perspective. They don’t allow debate and they don’t believe or promote win-win. If the team contains less submissive members, it will be really hard for such kind of managers to keep doing jobs.
#2
The five major components of influence are Expert power, Referent power, Reward power, Coercive power, and legitimate power. They are an important component to influence because power or the perception of power creates the leaders potential to influence others. Manor (2017), says that” Power is operationally defined as having control over resources, which affords the ability to influence others by bestowing or withholding those resources”.
Influence can definitely involve pressure depending on which type off power is being used as influence by the leader/manager. If they are using Coercive or Reward power then it definitely puts pressure on the employee to perform because of the fear of getting punished or of not getting rewards for doing a poor job.
There are definitely differences between assertive and aggressive tactics. Aggressive tactics can be seen as pushy or manipulative, but assertive tactics are usually more adept at getting results and getting the people to want to work for you. According to “Quick Base” (2017), “There is some sense of detachment that comes with behavior that is motivated by compliance or obligation”. The more aggressive tactics a manager has to use the lower the results will be from their team, so they could be a leader while using aggressive tactics, but they won’t be as effective of a leader as they can be and can sometimes use aggressive tactics to compensate for their own shortcomings as a manager. According to “Learn Management” (2017), ” The use of one power could lead to a decrease in another for example coercive power (which necessitates the use of punishment) may decrease the leaders referent power , if it causes the followers to change their mind about the leader’s qualities”. This ca mean that if a manager overuses aggressive and coercive tactics as their main sources of influence they will lose the other types of power to use to influence their people.
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