I.1. Which of the following probably best explains sex role reversal (including genitalic morphology) in cave psocids?
a)Genetic drift and inbreeding.Hexapods are polyphyletic.
b)Paternal care for juveniles.
c)Highly nutritious nuptial glandular gifts provided by males.
d)Low light conditions make it difficult to evaluate mates visually.
e)Highly nutritious food resources readily available in the caves.
I.2. In which of the following insects will you find imaginal disks?
a)Zygentoma
b)Odonata
c)Orthoptera
d)Thysanoptera
e)Lepidoptera
I.3. Why is the absence of fossils of Zygentoma from the Devonian through the Jurassic surprising?
a)Because extant species are commonly found near waterways and lakes (where insects are most likely to become fossilized), suggesting that ancient species should have been as well.
b)Because the exoskeleton of Zygentoma shares with Crustacea the plesiomorphic condition of having large amounts of Calcium Carbonate.
c)Because fossil Pterygota are found during that time period, and Zygentoma and Pterygota are the same age.
d)Because wings form fossils very well and the large, showy wings of Zygentoma should have preserved well in the fossil record.
e)It is not surprising, the Zygentoma probably did not originate until the Cretaceous.
I.4. After lab a couple of weeks ago Dr. Morse decided to pull out a late instar midge larva (Diptera: Chironomidae) for observation. This midge rapidly pupated and this morning it was seen swimming using in part its appendages that were only loosely pressed to its body. What type of larval/pupal combination does this insect have?
a)Polypod/Exarate
b)Polypod/Obtect
c)Oligopod/Exarate
d)Oligopod/Obtect
e)Apod/Exarate
f)Apod/Obtect
I.5 Which of the following probably DOES describe strictly a homologous trait across the taxa discussed?
a)Holometabolous development in the Thysanoptera and the Coleoptera.
b)Hemimetabolous development in the Hemiptera and Orthoptera.
c)Winglessness in multiple families of Phasmatodea.
d)Haplo-diploidy in the scale insects and in the aphids.
e)None of these describe strictly a homologous trait.
I.6 For which of the following insect order(s) is thelytokous parthenogenesis present in all populations with males and females?
a)Coleoptera
b)Hemiptera
c)Hymenoptera
d)Blattodea
e)Thysanoptera
f)Coleoptera & Hemiptera
g)Hymenoptera & Thysanoptera
h)Hymenoptera & Blattodea
i)Coleoptera & Thysanoptera
j)Hemiptera & Blattodea
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