Help with my 45 questions multiple choice

Question 1 of 453 Points

What are the four categories of pollutants in raw sewage?

A. bacteria, parasites, viruses, fungi
B. phosphates, nitrates, sulfates, and metals
C. debris and grit, particulate organic materials, colloidal and dissolved organic chemicals, dissolved inorganic chemicals
D. heavy metals, organics, non-biodegradable compounds, volatile compounds

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Question 2 of 452 Points

Which of the following would be considered a behavioral or cultural hazard?

A. exposure to pesticides during mosquito control efforts
B. living in an area inhabited by mosquitoes that carry Nile fever
C. cigarette smoking by college students
D. living in an area frequented by tornados

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Question 3 of 452 Points

Describe the effects of pollution on lakes.

A. as the amount of pollution increases, lakes become oligotrophic
B. as the amount of pollution increases, lakes become eutrophic
C. as the amount of pollution increases, lakes become gonadotropic
D. the amount of pollution has no effects on lakes

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Question 4 of 453 Points

In the U.S., most sewage now receives

A. preliminary treatment, but no more
B. preliminary and primary treatment, but no more
C. preliminary, primary, and secondary treatment, but no more
D. preliminary, primary, secondary and advanced treatments

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Question 5 of 452 Points

The best way to ensure an adequate supply of water is by

A. desalination.
B. drill more wells.
C. Reduce pollution of water and conserve.
D. towing icebergs from polar regions

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Question 6 of 452 Points

Australia doing all of the following to combat a massive drought except what?

A. They subsidize water efficient appliances, like dual flush toilets
B. They ban outdoor car washing & watering lawns during droughts
C. They use cisterns for rain water & in some cases drink treated sewage
D. They initiated a massive well drilling campaign that will cost over 10 billion dollars.

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Question 7 of 452 Points

All of the following would characterize a waste-prevention system except

A. use of returnable bottles.
B. putting yard wastes in landfills.
C. taxes on gas-guzzling cars and throwaway products.
D. reducing the amount of packaging used to sell products.

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Question 8 of 452 Points

What substance was controlled in the Water Quality Act of 1987?

A. storm water
B. sewage sludge
C. oil pollution of groundwater
D. all of the above

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Question 9 of 452 Points

BPA is a hormone disrupter commonly found in ___

A. plastics.
B. pesticides
C. gasoline
D. drugs.

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Question 10 of 452 Points

It is estimated that as much as half of all “Superfund” moneys spend go for

A. research on new clean up technologies.
B. excavation and removal of contaminated soils.
C. legal costs.
D. drilling extraction wells.

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Question 11 of 453 Points

Kristianstad, Sweden did all of the following to manage solid waste, except:

A. Built a biogas plant that uses household food waste, slaughterhouse waste, & manure.
B. Produced methane gas from their old landfill.
C. Closed all waste incinerators due to air pollution concerns.
D. Switched most city buses so they can run on biogas.

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Question 12 of 452 Points

Which of the following are ways that can reduce the amount of water used in manufacturing?

A. use recycled water
B. redesign manufacturing processes to use less water
C. repair plumbing leaks
D. all of these answers

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Question 13 of 452 Points

Malaria is caused by

A. breathing contaminated air
B. the bite of an infected mosquito
C. drinking contaminated water
D. all of the above

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Question 14 of 452 Points

Porous water-saturated layers of underground rock, sand, or gravel are known as

A. aquifers
B. watersheds
C. cones of depression
D. all of the above

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Question 15 of 452 Points

Of the following, which is the most ecologically responsible way to dispose of sewage sludge?

A. incineration
B. conventional landfills
C. treating with heat and using as lawn fertilizer
D. dumping into the deep trenches of the ocean

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Question 16 of 452 Points

The only effective way to protect groundwater is to

A. prevent contamination
B. use monitoring wells
C. treat all water from underground sources
D. inject pollution eating bacteria into the water

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Question 17 of 453 Points

The total product life cycle refers to:

A. the average length of time we keep our cars before we get a new one.
B. the process of taking raw materials, processing them into products, using them and disposing of them.
C. the inefficiency due to excessive federal regulations affecting industries.
D. there is no such thing as total product life cycle.

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Question 18 of 452 Points

What is the best way to deal with hazardous waste?

A. Reduce the amount created.
B. Treat it to make it safe.
C. Convert it to a non hazardous material.
D. All of the above are equally good ways.

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Question 19 of 452 Points

A special test used for monitoring for sewage contamination in drinking water

A. water quality exam
B. parasitic culture test
C. fecal coliform test
D. disease water test

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Question 20 of 453 Points

Which one of the following would be considered a non-point source of water pollution?

A. municipal landfills
B. municipal sewage treatment facilities
C. agricultural runoff
D. industrial wastes discharges

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Question 21 of 452 Points

If toxic chemicals such as heavy metals and non-biodegradable organic compounds are put into the sanitary sewer system, most will

A. be removed by activated sludge treatment
B. be removed by trickling filters
C. be removed by chlorination
D. be removed only by tertiary treatment for the specific contaminant

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Question 22 of 452 Points

What causes subsidence?

A. An accumulation of silt behind a dam.
B. Poor farmers who can’t survive in bad economies.
C. The ground sinks when too much water has been withdrawn from an aquifer.
D. Too much salt water entering a ground water source.

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Question 23 of 453 Points

Individuals can reduce inputs of hazardous waste by all of the following except

A. using rechargeable batteries
B. using biodegradable cleaning products
C. changing automobile oil and dumping it carefully in marked storm drains
D. consulting local environmental agencies for safe disposal methods for hazardous chemicals.

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Question 24 of 452 Points

The top priority in a pollution prevention approach to solid waste management would be

A. recycling
B. reusing
C. reducing
D. burning

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Question 25 of 452 Points

The majority of solid waste (by weight) consists of

A. yard waste and bottles
B. paper and yard waste
C. paper and metals
D. glass and plastics

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Question 26 of 453 Points

Which statement about Lakes Mead & Powell is most correct?

A. They represent 25% of water storage system for the Colorado River
B. The Colorado Compact of 1922 protects them from over-use
C. They are shrinking from overuse & drought.
D. Both are located in Colorado.

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Question 27 of 452 Points

Preliminary treatment at a municipal wastewater treatment facility includes

A. coagulating nutrients
B. decomposition of organic matter
C. removal of industrial wastes
D. removing grit and debris

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Question 28 of 452 Points

Final disinfection of wastewater in the U.S. is most generally done by adding

A. chlorine gas to the water
B. ozone to the water
C. chlorinated hydrocarbons and other pesticides to the water
D. ultraviolet to the water

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Question 29 of 453 Points

The biomagnification of DDT demonstrates that

A. top consumers can concentrate toxins in a type of “inverse biological pyramid.”
B. birds should not depend on fish for food.
C. DDT is easily metabolized and excreted by most organisms.
D. DDT is an extremely water-soluble material.

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Question 30 of 452 Points

Individual home septic systems generally DO NOT involve

A. a means of letting the wastewater percolate into the soil
B. chlorination
C. action of bacteria
D. settling out of organic solids

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Question 31 of 452 Points

Methane is

A. a non-combustible gas
B. a byproduct of the anaerobic digestion occurring in the landfills
C. a type of pesticide
D. all of the above

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Question 32 of 452 Points

Describe the effects of point source pollution as a river flows downstream.

A. The river changes from a clear zone to a septic zone, a decomposition zone, and then a recovery zone.
B. The river changes from a clean zone to a decomposition zone, a septic zone, a recovery zone, and finally a clean zone again.
C. The amount of oxygen present in the water will increase due to the presence of pollution.
D. Pollution has no effects on rivers because they are self-flushing

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Question 33 of 452 Points

Compare water pollution in a lake versus water pollution in a river.

A. Water pollution in a lake is worse because rivers are “self-flushing.”
B. Water pollution in a river is worse because lakes are “self-flushing.”
C. Water pollution affects lakes and rivers in the same way.
D. Water pollution has no effect on either lakes or rivers.

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Question 34 of 452 Points

A typical person in the U.S. uses this much water per day for residential use

A. 7-10 gallons
B. 40-50 gallons
C. 100-200 gallons
D. 700-1000 gallons

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Question 35 of 452 Points

Which of the following cannot typically be composted?

A. plastic
B. food wastes
C. yard wastes
D. cardboard

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Question 36 of 453 Points

Landfills differ from open dumps in that

A. dumps are cleaner and smell less.
B. landfilled waste is compacted and covered.
C. landfills are cheaper to operate.
D. Landfills and dumps are the same thing.

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Question 37 of 452 Points

What is a brownfield?

A. A failed agricultural crop.
B. Fallowed crop land.
C. Land with significant amounts of pollution.
D. There is no such thing as a brownfield.

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Question 38 of 452 Points

Surface water is more likely to be polluted than groundwater because

A. surface water goes through evapotranspiration
B. surface water is consumed by more people
C. surface water receives polluted storm water runoff
D. surface water is not controlled by the government

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Question 39 of 452 Points

Most of the water supplied to homes is used

A. for drinking
B. to wash, clean, rinse, and flush away undesirable materials
C. to water house plants
D. for cooking

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Question 40 of 453 Points

Which of the following are vectors (transmitters of disease)

A. flatworms and nematodes.
B. roundworms and protozoa.
C. mosquitoes and houseflies.
D. roundworms and nematodes.

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Question 41 of 452 Points

The total amount of water on the Earth ________ from year to year & the hydrologic cycle __________.

A. stays about the same; moves it from one place to another place
B. increases; captures it from the incoming solar radiation
C. increases; gains water from the Earth’s interior
D. decreases; moves it from one place to another place

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Question 42 of 452 Points

The most likely health hazard of domestic sewage wastes is its

A. potential for harboring disease-causing organisms
B. content of toxic chemicals
C. potential for causing eutrophication
D. bad odor

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Question 43 of 452 Points

Leachate is

A. water that passes through the sewage treatment plant
B. water that percolates through a landfill and may pick up pollutants from that landfill
C. water that sits in drainage ditches at the side of the road
D. water that is sprayed in incinerators to reduce the temperature