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1.
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The major court decision protecting juveniles from unauthorized searches and seizures was:
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a. [removed] Miranda.
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b. [removed] Mapp v. Ohio.
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c. [removed] In re Gault.
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d. [removed] Brown v. Mississippi.
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2.
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Discretion is when:
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a. [removed] youths return to crime again and again after being found guilty of their first offense.
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b. [removed] police exercise their ability to choose from alternatives.
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c. [removed] police choose to focus on prevention of crime rather than reacting quickly to an offense.
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3.
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Victimization studies find that:
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a. [removed] more crime is committed than is reported.
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b. [removed] victimization rates are consistent among demographic groups across the United States.
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c. [removed] juveniles are more likely to be victimized than any other age group.
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d. [removed] both more crime is committed than is reported and juveniles are more likely to be victimized than any other age group.
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4.
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Juveniles:
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a. [removed] are more likely to be killed in schools than on the streets or at home.
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b. [removed] are about equally likely to be killed in one school as the next.
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c. [removed] in large numbers are the victims of bullying, physical attack, or robbery in the schools.
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d. [removed] are murdered in schools at rates far lower than implied by the media.
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5.
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The major focus of the Fourteenth Amendment is on standards of:
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a. [removed] search and seizure.
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b. [removed] fairness and due process.
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c. [removed] cruel and unusual punishment.
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d. [removed] freedom of speech and the press.
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6.
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Larger police units typically deal with juvenile crime:
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a. [removed] enthusiastically since arresting a juvenile is considered a “good” arrest.
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b. [removed] by setting up specialized units and departments to deal with juvenile crime.
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c. [removed] by assigning any patrol officer available to any juvenile case needing attention.
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d. [removed] both by setting up specialized units and departments to deal with juvenile crime and by assigning any patrol officer available to any juvenile case needing attention.
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7.
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An example of formal processing is a:
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a. [removed] youth given a firm “talking to” on the street.
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b. [removed] youth taken into custody and allowed to leave when he/she asks.
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c. [removed] youth taken into custody and placed in detention until the juvenile prosecutor reviews the case.
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d. [removed] both youth taken into custody and allowed to leave when he/she asks and youth taken into custody and placed in detention until the juvenile prosecutor reviews the case.
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8.
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Which of the following have/has been found through research?
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a. [removed] Intervention by the juvenile justice system makes youths worse
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b. [removed] A small group of offenders commit large numbers of crimes
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c. [removed] Lower class youths tend to be involved in more serious offenses than middle class youths
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d. [removed] All of the choices apply
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9.
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Victimization surveys focus on:
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a. [removed] interviewing hospital emergency room personnel to determine the number of victimizations.
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b. [removed] a national survey of households.
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c. [removed] police data on victims.
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d. [removed] both a national survey of households and police data on victims.
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10.
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The Uniform Crime Reports are compiled by the:
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a. [removed] International Association of Chiefs of Police.
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b. [removed] Federal Bureau of Investigation.
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c. [removed] National Opinion Research Center.
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d. [removed] Bureau of Justice Statistics.
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11.
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A consequence of the development of the Central States Juvenile Officer’s Association and the International Juvenile Officers Association was an increased recognition in law enforcement of more:
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a. [removed] arrests of offenders.
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b. [removed] help for offenders.
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c. [removed] professional legal training.
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d. [removed] both arrests of offenders and help for offenders.
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12.
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Critics charge that self-report studies:
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a. [removed] overload their questionnaires with too many serious offenses.
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b. [removed] ask too many questions about minor offenses thereby increasing the incidence of middle-class offenders in self-reported delinquency.
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c. [removed] overlook data provided by the UCR in offense reporting.
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d. [removed] both overload their questionnaires with too many serious offenses and overlook data provided by the UCR in offense reporting.
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13.
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The police are able to search juveniles when juveniles:
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a. [removed] have waived their rights.
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b. [removed] have consented to the search.
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c. [removed] are presented with a warrant.
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d. [removed] all of the choices apply.
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14.
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Which of the following is/are characteristic(s) of “problem oriented policing”
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a. [removed] Grouping crime statistics by type and determining any underlying similarities among the crimes
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b. [removed] Saturating high crime areas with police cars to guarantee a rapid response to any crimes that occur
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c. [removed] Determining the causes of delinquent activity and developing prevention programs
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d. [removed] Both grouping crime statistics by type and determining any underlying similarities among the crimes and determining the causes of delinquent activity and developing prevention programs
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15.
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Most police view their primary role as:
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a. [removed] fighting crime.
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b. [removed] preventing crime.
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c. [removed] working with juveniles one on one.
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d. [removed] social workers.
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16.
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Police may pull a car over:
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a. [removed] whenever they want.
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b. [removed] when the youth’s car has a broken taillight.
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c. [removed] when the police have reasonable suspicion that something illegal is occurring.
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d. [removed] both when the youth’s car has a broken taillight and when the police have reasonable suspicion that something illegal is occurring.
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17.
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The police in the early 20th Century began to focus on which of the following to control youth crimes?
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a. [removed] Curbside justice
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b. [removed] Prevention
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c. [removed] Community organization
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d. [removed] Both prevention and community organization
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18.
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Which of the following is an accurate statement about juvenile court statistics? They:
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a. [removed] report the overwhelming percentage of the total number of juvenile offenses.
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b. [removed] provide full information on the characteristics of referred juveniles.
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c. [removed] represent only an estimate of the total number of crimes that come before courts.
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d. [removed] are published immediately upon receipt by the government.
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19.
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The problems of the Uniform Crime Reports include:
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a. [removed] that many crimes are not reported and many offenses never come to the attention of the police.
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b. [removed] police ignore minor violations of law.
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c. [removed] too many juveniles commit offenses as individuals.
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d. [removed] both that many crimes are not reported and many offenses never come to the attention of the police and police ignore minor violations of law.
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20.
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The Monitoring the Future Project shows that:
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a. [removed] the dramatic increase in drug use that began in the early 1990s is continuing today.
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b. [removed] drug use begins to drop off after age 18.
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c. [removed] drug use peaks at the ages of 16–17.
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d. [removed] both drug use begins to drop off after age 18 and drug use peaks at the ages of 16–17.
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