All essay based answers should have a minimum of 250 words. DO NOT COPY/PASTE YOUR ANSWERS FROM OTHER WEBSITES. All writing is expected to be your own work. Paraphrase any other sources used for your answers. Formulas and calculations should be included for numerical answers. All references used to research any answers should be cited at the end of each question. Please use reputable sources.
- [15 points] Explain what are SI units and why this is important. Give two examples of how you use the these units in your daily life. Be specific in describing how and where these units are used.
- [30 points] Consider the sweetener sucralose. You will need to do some research to answer the following questions.
- What are the chemical and molecular formulas for this compound?
- Which elements are present in this molecule? How many atoms of each are element are in the molecule.
- Calculate the mass of 2000 molecules of this compound. Do not simply look up the answer and cite your source. Show all work.
- Review the chart in the lower part of this page: (Links to an external site.)
https://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabel… (Links to an external site.)
and calculate how much of this sweetner is recommended for a 70.0 kg person to consume in 1 day.
- [20 points] (a) Explain the differences between pure elements, pure compounds and mixtures. (b) An unknown substance was collected from a drug related crime scene. Chemical mass analysis of the substance yielded the following information.
|
Sample Mass |
Mass of Carbon |
Mass of Hydrogen |
Mass of Oxygen |
|
|
Sample 1 |
1.356 g |
0.816 g |
0.200 g |
0.340 g |
|
Sample 2 |
1.549 g |
0.933 g |
0.230 g |
0.386 g |
|
Sample 3 |
1.208 g |
0.726 g |
0.184 g |
0.298 g |
Is this a pure compound? Explain how you determined your answer, including which laws were applied.
4. [25 points] How many isotopes are there of uranium (U)? Complete the following table. In the isotope column, write out the name of the isotope in the format [Name]-[Mass of isotope]. For instance, an isotope of Neon is Neon-20
|
|Isotope| |
[Natural Abundance] |
|Number of protons| |
|Number of neutrons| |
|Number of electrons| |
5. [30 points] Look up the molecule isoamyl acetate.
a. Name all the functional groups that are present in this molecule.
b. How many single bonds are present? How many double bonds are present? Identify where the double bonds are (between which atoms).
c. Determine whether or not this molecule is soluble in water. Explain you reasoning for this answer, based on your understanding of functional groups.
6. [30 points] Describe how a molecule of nitrogen moves through the nitrogen cycle. Address the following
- the common sources of nitrogen in soil, air, water
- what are the processes by which nitrogen moves from soil to water, water to air, soil to air and all the reverse directions
- quantities of nitrogen in at least one of each of the major sources (soil, air, water)
- quantities of nitrogen transferred in at least six of the processes from soil to air, soil to water and so on.
7. [15 points] Describe at least 3 benefits and 3 dangers of radiation.
Please don’t forget to cite your sources!
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