Case study questions

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1-6 answer based on the case study

1.What is myelin and how does it affect the transmission of nerve impulses?

2.Identify the cells responsible for the formation of myelin.

3.What are the “scleroses” in Multiple Sclerosis and where do they occur? How does this influence nerve transmission?

4.How does an MRI help confirm the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis?

5.Why did steroids help alleviate Kathy’s symptoms?

6.How does Copaxone work as treatment for Multiple Sclerosis?

7.Jill, a 26-year-old gymnastics instructor, presents with complaints of muscle weakness in her face that comes and goes, but has been getting worse over the past two months. Most notably, she complains that her “jaw gets tired” as she chews and that swallowing has become difficult. At work, it has become increasingly difficult to “spot” her gymnasts during acrobatic moves because of upper arm weakness. On physical examination, she has notable ptosis (“drooping”) of both eyelids after repeated blinking exercises. Her symptoms were reversed within 40 seconds of intravenous administration of Tensilon, a cholinesterase inhibitor. Blood testing revealed high levels of an anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody in her plasma. What disorder is Jill suffering from?

8.__________ is the condition in which the spermatic cord that supplies blood to the testis is twisted, resulting in engorgement followed by a hemorrhagic infarction of the testis.

9.What causes crampy abdominal pain in dysmenorrhea?

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