A.Definition/Comparison Questions
Instructions: In your own words, define the pairs of terms given below.
Write in complete sentences, stating the differences and relationships
between the two terms, and give specific examples where appropriate.
A complete answer usually requires four to eight sentences.
1. bioluminescence / fluorescence
2. endoplasmic reticulum (ER) / Golgi complex
3. microtubule / microfilament
4. enthalpy / free energy
5. active site / allosteric site
6. first law of thermodynamics / second law of thermodynamics
7. antiport / symport
8. exocytosis / pinocytosis
9. NADH / NADPH
10. aerobic respiration / photorespiration
Short Answer/Short Essay Questions
Instructions: Answer each of the questions given below in your own
words.
Write in complete sentences where appropriate. A complete
answer usually requires one to two sentences per mark, so a three-mark
question would be answered in three to six sentences.
(2 marks) 1. What is a circadian rhythm?
(2 marks) 2. What is a ribozyme?
(3 marks) 3. Define adiabatic cooling.
(5 marks) 4. Explain what it means when a reaction has a positive ΔG.
(2 marks) 5. What are gated channels?
(4 marks) 6. Explain what exchange diffusion means, and give an example.
(9 marks) 7. Compare mitochondria and chloroplasts. Include both structure and
function in your answer.
(5 marks) 8. The electron transport chain of aerobic respiration leads to oxidative
phosphorylation of ATP. What is an alternative way to synthesize
ATP? Give an example of a specific reaction that uses this alternative
way.
(8 marks) 9. Chemiosmosis is a process that occurs both in aerobic respiration and
photosynthesis. Explain similarities and differences in chemiosmosis
between the two pathways.
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