Subject:
Archaeology
Title:
What
might the theoretical implications of new scientific techniques (e.g.
aDNA) be for established areas of archaeological interest?
Harvard style, in text citation must include page numbers like (Clarke, 2017, p77), figures must be cited.
Language:
UK English – adavnced vocabulary and writing style according to universities master’s level
Number of References:
around 20 references
Structure:
Introduction
Subheadings for discussion of each point
Conclusion: brief summary
Bibliography
Deadline to receive this essay:
4/December/2021
Words count:
2500 words (excluding the references page, tables, and figure captions)
Academic level and grade:
Master’s level – distinction
-The essay must be 2500 words (excluding bibliography, illustrations, figure captions).
-illustrations MUST be included at least 6 illustrations (tables or
figures) with a caption highlighting specific points and they must be
CITED. Illustrations should not be added randomly, most importantly
figures MUST be critically analyzed to correlate
with the main topic and must be used as evidence to back up the
discussion points of the essay and provide answers to the specific
questions in the essay. Figures must be numbered, refer the reader to
the figures within the text. (not included with the words
count).
-be CRITICAL & ANALYTICAL; back up statements with reference to
specific EVIDENCE; assess quality of evidence. This will give weight
and power to your original ideas. Use background on evidence and
discussed the reflected issues.
-Harvard style citation, in text citation MUST include page numbers. Figures must be cited.
-Use a wide range of references textbooks and research articles, including the suggested references.
-begin with overviews in textbooks (to ensure you have the bigger
picture), then move to thematic works. an extensive reading of research
articles and recent studies about the topic is required.
-Choose primary research articles discussing primary evidence to
discuss the points and present a critical analysis of the evidence,
evaluate and add STATISTICAL ANALYSIS of data and results, and present
your opinion. Demonstrate different perspectives
about the point and discuss the theory presented by each scholar,
compare and contrast, support your discussion with a reference of a
primary study or evidence.
Essay Topic: What might the theoretical implications of new
scientific techniques (e.g. aDNA) be for established areas of
archaeological interest?
Discussion points:
-The purpose of the standard essay is to allow you to explore an area of particular interest in greater depth.
-MAIN POINT: answer the question in the topic by discussing DNA and
other techniques in various aspects (definition, issues and arguments,
pitfalls, statical analysis, results, methods, significant roles…), and
using case studies to demonstrate answers
from research.
-the implications of the politicised use of ancient DNA research for archaeologists.
-Examples of some recent controversies involving aDNA include the cases of Kennewick Man, Cheddar Man, and the Tarim mummies.
-political debates resulted from this type of research in numerous countries, from Hungary to Israel.
-In the early days of aDNA research, archaeologists and
palaeogeneticists believed that their work represented the height of
objectivity. These were, after all, scientific papers predicated on
neutral methodological frameworks. However, as with all other
facets of studying humanity, social, political and cultural
considerations inevitably intercede, and the relationship between
biological and cultural identity is far from straightforward. Discuss?
Please note these points are just some guidelines that must be
discussed. However, the essay MUST discuss other points beyond those to
present the answers to the main question which is: What might the
theoretical implications of new scientific techniques
(e.g. aDNA) be for established areas of archaeological interest?
Therefore, this includes a wide range of techniques beside DNA must
be discussed to ansewer the main question in the topic and their
theoretical implication in archaeology. Other discussion points MUST be
included to provide answers to the question, extensive
reading and using a wide range of studies to support arguments,
critical analysis and evaluating methods and results, using case studies
as examples to present the techniques used and other points, use
statistical analysis of results of previous studies, compare
and contrast theories, present the pitfalls and issues for each point,
present your opinion with using specific studies to backup the points..
Suggested references:
Crellin, R. and Harris, O. 2020. Beyond binaries: interrogating ancient DNA.Archaeological Dialogues 27(1), 37-56. [<www>]
Wolinsky, H. 2019 Ancient DNA and contemporary politics. EMBO Reports. [<www>].
Bardill J et al. 2018. Advancing the ethics of paleogenomics. Science, 360(6387): 384-5.
[<www>].
McGonigle I. 2019. Genomic research and the dividual self. Genetics Research, 101(e12):
1-4 [<www>].
Use these references in addition to other wide range references (books and research articles), around 20 references.
Please note: Wikipedia and Encyclopedia Britannica are not considered appropriate as major sources for university level writing.
Be selective choose references relevant to the topic that can
backup answers to the argument points. Use textbooks and review articles
for the discussion, also primary studies that include primary
archaeological studies and evidence analysis to backup
the points.
The essay is a part form this module: Current Issues in
Archaeological Theory. Please see the attached files that provide
information about this module, the reading list, and other references of
this module in general, as these information will highlight
a background to know what is expected to discuss in this particular
essay.
I have attached some of the suggested references. Please refer the
essay to someone with a background in Archaeology as it is a complex
topic requires intensive reading and analysis. Please contact me anytime
if you have any further inquiries.
SEE HERE https://we.tl/t-rdJuIpWH4o
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