answer the 20 questions below with the best of your knowledge using the information and the instruction given in the attachment

The Barnacle Zone – Intertidal Simulation

1. What is a neap tide and when does it occur? (1 pts)
2. What is a spring tide and when does it occur? (1 pts)
3. Hypothesize: How do you think each type of tide will impact the distribution of each barnacle species? (2 pts)
4. Copy and paste the graphs of species abundance over time for BOTH barnacle species (2 pts)
5. Describe what happens to the abundance and elevation of each barnacle species with 1 meter and 4-meter tides. (2 pts)
6. Did you predict correctly? Explain. (1 pts)
7. Do you think these tides are an accurate simulation of what happens in real life? Explain. (1 pts)
8. What are other factors that may be affecting the barnacle abundance and elevation? (1 pts)
9. Describe the differences between fundamental and realized niche? How might competition change an organism’s niche size? (2 pts)
10. Hypothesize:What do you think will happen to Chthamalus if you exclude Balanus from settling on the rock? (1 pts)
11. Hypothesize: What do you think will happen to Balanus if you exclude Chthamalus from settling on the rock? (1 pts)
12. After removing Balanus, did you predict correctly? Explain. Include the graph. (2 pts)
13. After removing Chthamalus, did you predict correctly? Explain. Include the graph. (2 pts)
14. Based on your hypothesis, do you predict that Balanus is capable of overgrowing and killing Chthamalus? Explain. (1 pts)
15. Was the Chthamalus you tracked overgrown by Balanus? Explain. (1 pts)
16. Did you predict whether the Chthamalus would be overgrown correctly? Explain. (1 pts)
17. Hypothesize: What do you expect to happen to the abundance of each barnacle if there are more predators around? What will happen to the elevation of each barnacle species? (2 pts)
18. Did you predict correctly? Explain. Include the graph. (2 pts)
19. Mussels, such as Mytilus californianus, are commonly found in the middle to mid-high zone of the intertidal. As dominant competitors in the ecosystem, they are able to take over space claimed by other sessile organisms like barnacles or macroalgae. Given that, why are they generally not found higher with the barnacles? Why don’t they venture into the low zone? Given at least one reason for each question. (2 pts)
20. Intertidal photosynthesizers face unique challenges compared to their animal neighbors when it comes to the tides: too much time above water, and they risk desiccation; however, too little time above water, and they may not get the sunlight they need to photosynthesize. Give examples of two potential adaptations for algae to live in high intertidal zones, and two potential adaptations for living in the lower zones. (2 pts)