WWII CLASS
Short and constructive response to classmates
Respond to classmates and add resources if necessary under each response.
Respond to Melissa Karnath
While both sides of this conflict had resources of both manpower and equipment available to them from their own countries and also from other countries the turning point of the conflict seemed to develop when changes were made.
The Soviet side was receiving food resources from Great Britain and the United States along with some other raw resources. Stalin also put a great emphasize on production of weapons. He instituted a mandatory number of work hours in order for citizens to receive food. “Stalin focused all efforts on military production and extorting maximum labour from a workforce whose only guarantee of food was to turn up at the factory and work the arduous 12-hour shifts.” 1 The Soviet side also began to make changes in their tanks, which made them more equivalent to the German tanks. Soviet tanks became more heavily armed and sturdy. The Soviet side also began using radios with their tanks. Radios greatly increased communication with their tank units allowing for an increase in mobilization, organization along with fire and maneuver.
The Soviet side also evaluated and made changes to their intelligence and tactics. “Camouflage, surprise and misinformation were brilliantly exploited to keep the German army in the dark about major Soviet intentions.” 1 With these changes the Soviets changed the way they fought during offensive and defensive measures taking the German forces by surprise. This kept the German forces guessing and made the Soviet forces more effective against the Germans.
“Millions of Soviets worked in camp labourers who worked fully for the war effort. They kept up the production of food, weapons and equipment.”1
The changes and advancements within the Soviet Army helped to bolster the impact and effectiveness of the Soviet Army during the war with Germany combined with the constant mass production of military equipment by the Soviet civilian population.
1.The Soviet-German War 1941 – 1945 By Overlay, Richard. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/soviet_german_war_01.shtml
Short and constructive response to classmates
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RespondGabriel
One significant change that World War II brought on pre-existing racial barriers was lived by Japanese-Americans in the United States. Japanese-americans believed they could gain citizenship by the passage of several laws in 1924. But, the attack in Pearl Harbor changed a lot of things for them. Not only in Hawaii but also in the west coast. More than 110,000 Japanese-Americans were forced to leave everything behind and forced to live in one of ten relocation centres. This kind racism had not been seen done to German-Americans or Italian-Americans. Even after the Supreme Court ruled that the detention of Japanese-Americans whose loyalty has not been questioned was unconstitutional, Japanese-Americans continued to encounter discrimination.
Another significant change was that of how African-Americans oportunities changed in the United States. They were being utilized by plants to do low paying jobs to contribute into the war. African-Americans were fighting side by side and had better jobs in the military. When African-Americans joined the Navy, they were only allowed to be cooks. That changed with the war. But even fighting side by side, was not enough. After the war ended most of them lost their jobs since plants were shutting down. Their were still victims to segregation and racism. Only 5% of woman were in clerical or sales jobs, 41% in domestic servants.
Short and constructive response to classmates
Respond to classmates and add resources if necessary under each response.
Joshua Sizemore
Manufacturing had already been steadily climbing since the turn of the century … but for the slump shown during the depression. If anything, World War II only reversed the pace of the 1930s. But rather than merely reverse the economic trend, it catapulted it at lightning speed. Urban areas were the most affected by the boom in the steel industry, those who furnished the materials needed to build the devices used in the black art of war: tanks, warships, planes and a host of other essential weaponry. Furthermore, the spike in production had a lasting change on young families at the time. It put mothers to work for the first time in droves (apart from what had been seen during the Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth-century). Upon the return of their husbands, many women desired to remain a part of the workforce. This of course meant that growing families had more financial cushion. However, children suffered from lack of care with no one at home. Federal monies bankrolled the establishment of the Military Industrial Complex. This new era in weapons manufacturing employed a rapidly growing populous. In fact, these jobs paid so well that someone with a mere high-school diploma could earn a comfortable, middle-class living. And this remained the case for roughly the next 40 years. But specific to the Pentagon’s toy-chest, unbridled spending fed industry so lavishly that the monies it received from the government in the form of profits were the same monies used to buy political favors that simply continued the cycle of development of new gadgets, more national debt … yet ironically, keeping people gainfully employed … whose taxes … even more ironically kept the cycle going.
Gaskins, Susanne Teepe. “World War II Defense Industries.” In Encyclopedia of Immigration and Migration in the American West, edited by Gordon Morris Bakken and
Alexandra Kindell, 701-12. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2006. doi: http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.umuc.edu/10.4135/9781412952439.n316.
CYBE SECURITY POLICY CLASS
Short and constructive response to classmates
Respond to classmates and add resources if necessary under each response
Respond to Molly Soboroff
NASA is not a military or security agency, and its companies it has contracts with would be available publically in its budget. Corporate partners might even advertise that they are working with NASA to help develop technologies so that information would not be limited to just releases from NASA’s public affairs office. However it might contain specific contacts within companies and the projects they are associated with, and as such some confidentiality is desirable to help avoid presenting a target for social engineering. With that in mind I would place its impact as moderate. Much of the information’s integrity can be easily checked and corrected if a problem is detected. Some information, such as relevant dates for deliverables and costs might be more difficult to reconstruct and could result in missed milestones and inaccurate payments. As such the impact of the information’s integrity is also moderate. As this is information which is not worked with on a daily basis some loss of availability is tolerable and should only have a limited effect on operations which gives it a low impact. For the administrative system I have placed all factors at low. Again, the information of which companies have contracts with NASA would be public information, and for administrative purposes information about specific contacts within those companies would not be needed. The information on this companies such as billing addresses is also public information and can be corrected and updated if errors are found. Like the contract information system, the impact of downtime for the administrative system is low.
2. NASA appears to be in compliance with the Audit and Accountability sections of FIPS 200. According to their IT security handbook (ITS-HBK-2810.16-01) they lay out who is responsible for determining what it to be recorded, how it is to be done followed by a table outlining specifics from NIST SP 800-53. This table covers all the sections in the AU family along with a short descriptions with specifications depending on the impact. For instance for non-repudiation NASA uses digital signature cryptography and for all impacts required it to be FIPS-Validated.
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2004, February). FIPS PUB 199. Standards for security categorization of federal information and information systems. Retrieved from http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips199/FIPS-PUB-199-final.pdf
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2006, March 9). FIPS PUB 200. Federal information processing standards publication. Minimum security requirements for federal information and information systems. Retrieved from http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips200/FIPS-200-final-march.pdf
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (2011, May 6). NASA IT security handbook. Audit and accountability. Retrieved fromhttp://www.nasa.gov/pdf/551091main_ITS-HBK-2810.16-01-AU.pdf
Short and constructive response to classmates
Respond to classmates and add resources if necessary under each response
Respond to Juan Angeles
From reading PPD 28 I would recommend that the Internal Revenue Service modify its existing security program by creating a policy that deals specifically with information collected from signals intelligence. Creating a policy specifically for this situation gives the Intelligence Community one source that they can reference to ensure they are adhering to the established requirements. Second, I would recommend they establish roles within the policy that places individuals in a position to enforce the policy and provide oversight. Lastly, I would recommend that a process be developed provide training to employees and another to report violations. Emphasis is placed on the protection of personal information and that theme should be carried through the policy and encryption should be implemented to protect sensitive information in transit and at rest. Handling the information should follow an evidence handling procedure because it may lead to an inquiry for more information.
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